Page-05 : Root words and meanings of the words in اعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم : Wordily and Explanatory Translation of اعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم :

Root Words and Meanings:

The word الشيطان is derived from شطن يشطن   (الشين with Zabar   ) means–بعد - gone away. (Satan is gone away from Allah’s Rahmat.) Ibn Jarir At-Tabari described in his Tafsir-

-والشيطان فى كلام العرب : كل متمرد من الجن والانس والدواب وكل شيئ  وكذالك قال جل ثناءه( وكذالك جعلنا لكل نبى عدوا شياطين الانس والجن) وانما سمى المتمرد من كل شيء شيطانا لمفارقة اخلاقه وافعاله واخلاق سوءجنسه وبعده من الخير          

 “ And Satan in the conversations of the Arabs: Every mutineer from the jinn, men, beasts, and everything is called Satan. (Likewise, Allah the highly praised said: “And likewise I have made an enemy for every Nabi  from Satan of human being and Jin.” (Ana’m – 112) Rather the rebellious of everything is being  named Satan due to differences in its morals and  deeds, characters of  its bad species and it’s moving away from the good.”(Ref.1)

الشيطان- ابليس لعنه الله “Here Satan is Iblis, who was  cursed by Allah” (Ref.2)

الرجيم "   derived from رجم(الراء with Zabar )  means –اللعن which means   ملعون   or cursed.”

 الرجم الرمى بقول كان او بفعل ومن الرجم بالقول قول ابى ابراهيم لابراهيم صلواة الله عليه "لءن لم تنبه لارجمنك"  واصل

And the origin of الرجم is الرمى or throwing something by word or deed, and throwing something by word is the word of Ibrahim (A.)’s father to Ibrahim (A.): “If you do not refrain, I will surely stone you.” Maryam-46 (Ref.3) Allah the almighty addressed Satan as رجيم in Sura Al-Hijr-

قال فاخرج منها فانك رجيم” “Allah the almighty said, then get out of it,(Jannat) for surely you are cursed.” 

( Al-Hijr,34)

Wordily Translation: I seek refuge in Allah from the cursed Satan.

Explanatory Translation:

1.“I do not  seek refuge in anyone else of the whole creation except  Allah from Satan to harm me in my  Deen (Islam )and to prevent me from the  right(Haqq), which I need for  my Rob .” (Ref.4)

2. Abul Fida Ismail Ibn Kathir Ad-Dameshqi  explained this great sentence:  “I seek refuge in Allah  from the cursed Satan, to harm me in my Deen) Islam) and my worldly life(Dunya)  or to refrain from the duty I was commanded to perform. Because none can prevent Satan from human beings except Allah. (Ref.5)

3. Fakhruddin Ar-Razi said “Our saying: اعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم means -to seek refuge in Allah from all prohibitions and forbiddings. There is no doubt that the prohibitions are either from the chapter of beliefs or actions.” It was mentioned in the well-known Hadith that Rasul (Sm.) said, “My Ummah (Nation) will be divided into seventy-three sects, all of them will be in Jahannam except one sect. This indicates that the seventy-two are qualified with corrupt beliefs and false schools of thought (مذهب). (Ref. 6) مذهب) means way or path i-e Islamic Jurisprudence. The major Sunni مذهب are Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi, and Hanbali). It is reported from Nabi (Sm.) when he (Sm.) used to perform Tahazzud salah, he starts with Allahu Akbar, then says:  

السميع العليم من الشيطان الرجيم من همزه ونفخه ونفثه اعوذ بالله “ I seek refuge in Allah, the all-hearing, the all-knowing from the cursed Satan, from his whispering, blowing and spitting i-e from his evil suggestions, pride, and witchcraft.”(Ref-7)“Tibi (Rah.) said-   نفخ is an indication of pride. It is as if Satan blows his whispers into a human being, Then that human being magnifies himself in his own eyes, and belittles the other people. نفث  means reprehensible poetry in which satire of Muslim, Kufr, or sin-related subjects  are discussed.”(Ref.8)

References:(المراجع)

1. Tafsirut Tabari, Its text was Arranged, edited, adjusted, and made comment on it by  Dr. Bashar Awad Ma’roof and E’sam Fares Al-Harstani, Volume-1, page 49,1st  addition in 1994 A.D. Published by Muassa - Satur Resalah, Beirut, Lebanon.

2. ايسر التفاسير لكلام العلى الكبيرِ, Author-Abu Bakr Jaber Al-Jzyeri, Volume-1, page-11,3rd addition-1990 A.D.

3. لسان العرب, Volume-12, page 227, writer- Abul Fadl  Jamaluddin Muhammad Ibn Mukarram Ibn Manzur Al-Afriqi Al-Misri, printed by دار صادر بيروت

4. Tafsirut Tabari, Volume -1, page-49,  Author-Abu Ja’far Muhammad Ibn Jarir Ibn Yazid Ibn Kathir At-   Tabari, 1^st Edition -1994, with refinement, investigation, checking, and commenting by Dr. Bashar A’wad M’aruf and E’sam Fares Al-Harstani, Published by Muasasa –Tur Resalah, Beirut, Lebanon.

5. Mukhtasaru Tafsir –i-Ibn Kathir, Volume-1, page no -18, published in 1981 A.D. Made brief and investigated by Muhammad Ali As-Sabuni, Darul Quranil Karim, Beirut.

 

6.Tafsir Al-Kabir,Author- Muhammad Ar-Razi Ibnul Fakhruddin Allamah Zia uddin Umar(Rah) ,Volume-1, page -3, 1^st Edition ,1308 Hizri year,Matba’tul Azhariah with Tafsirul-Allamah abis Sau’d in the margin

 7. Sunani Abi Dawud,Hadith no-775.Kitabus Salah,Al-Jameut Tirmizi –Hadith no-242

 8.Bazlul Mazhud Fi Halle Sunani Abi Dawud,Volume-1,Kitabus Salat, page -1103